– Major cities (São Paulo, Barcelona, Paris, London) have launched awareness campaigns using the term encoxada to name the behavior, reducing the "it was just crowding" excuse. Zero-tolerance protocols include undercover officers and dedicated reporting apps (e.g., "SafeBus," "STOP Encoxada").
– Many jurisdictions (Spain, Brazil, parts of France, Mexico City) now explicitly criminalize encoxada as sexual assault, not just a minor offense. Penalties range from fines to prison time (6 months–4 years depending on repetition/aggravating factors).